Do existing laboratory kits detect coronavirus variants?

The emerging and spread of new and transmissible forms of the coronavirus around the world was predictable and has now raised concern around the world. Mutations are part and parcel of what viruses do, including the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which has mutated since it has emerged. However, most of these mutations do not significantly alter the virus and some might actually be to its detriment, causing the variant to die out. However, in some cases, as the pressure on the virus increases to find suitable hosts for infection and replication, the virus is forced to convert to other forms to ensure its survival.

Currently, research shows that new strains of the coronavirus increase the severity of the disease, and evidence suggests that mutant strains, especially the Alpha (UK variant) and Delta (Indian variant), can be easily transmitted to humans, especially younger individuals. Variation in types of coronaviruses is a confusing factor in the spread of CoVID-19. From Britain and Brazil to South Africa, the United States, and India, and in general, wherever mutated strains of the coronavirus have appeared, concerns about the spread of the virus have intensified.

The main question on many minds could the possibility of distinguishing the Alpha and delta variant with the current molecular PCR.

First, we need to know that currently, the most accurate and sensitive test for CoVID-19 is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. PCR tests are performed by taking an upper respiratory sample, usually with a swab, from the nasopharynx and throat. New studies show that a mutation in a new type of coronavirus (UK variant) has occurred in the spike virus (N501Y). This gene is responsible for the synthesis of the virus-binding protein to the cell receptor (ACE2), which is the first and most important stage of the virus infection cycle and determines the extent of widespread and widespread hosting.

Molecular detection (PCR) tests, which are based solely on the detection of an S gene or coronavirus spike, may not work correctly to detect this variant and give a false negative result. Fortunately, CoVID-19 molecular detection kits, which are used in Payvand Clinical & Specialty laboratory, examine specific locations in the virus genome, including the Orf (open reading frame) and the N (envelope) genes. These regions remain unchanged in coronavirus mutants and allow the identification of new CoVID-19 mutant genes. Therefore, there is no need to worry about detecting these variants with the molecular diagnostic kits used in Payvand laboratory.

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